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Recognizing that high impact research results may not be available by the general abstract submission deadline, late-breaking is an opportunity for authors to present a selected number of highly relevant and impactful clinical studies during a special Late Breaking session. A limited number of late breaking abstracts will be selected for oral presentation, and the remainder will be presented as paper poster or ePoster presentations.

The scientific content of the presentation at MSMilan2023 must be substantively identical to the information provided in the submitted abstract. Presentations containing new, original research are preferred to those that contain only confirmatory or direct extensions of previous work. The submitting author is responsible for ensuring that the work described complies with guiding policies and principles endorsed by SfN, including but not limited to:

One late-breaking abstract may be submitted per presenting author. If an SfN member is the presenting author on two late-breaking abstracts, one of the abstracts must be withdrawn. In addition, all presenting authors of a late-breaking abstract must register for the SfN event at which they plan to present. All co-authors included in the abstract author block must also be registered for the same event, and virtual-only presenting authors are required to purchase a virtual-only registration.

For companies publicly traded on the stock market, quarterly earnings reports are a critical window into how well a business is performing and its long-term growth potential. While earnings reports can include a host of metrics, the most important numbers are revenue, cost of goods sold, operating expenses, and net income. These numbers are the result of subtracting a company’s total costs and revenues from its actual profits, and provide an accurate picture of profitability and stability. During “earnings season,” which runs from the end of one quarter to the beginning of the next, many companies also provide forward guidance and other special announcements that can drive market reactions.

Revenue, earnings, and margins are crucial for investors and lenders to analyze and understand a business’s health. A business with strong revenue growth may indicate a growing customer base and sales volume, but it’s equally important to have healthy profit margins to cover operating costs and ensure a steady stream of liquidity for the company. A business with a large amount of revenue growth might see its profit margins shrink as it invests in new projects or pays higher salaries and marketing costs to grow sales.

While the most basic metric is net income, there are several other terms often used by financial experts to analyze a company’s profitability such as EBIT and EBITDA (earnings before interest and taxes and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization). The Bureau of Economic Analysis releases aggregated corporate earnings data each quarter that is utilized by investors, Congress, policymakers, businesses, and academics to help make informed decisions that impact the economy.

Diplomacy is the art of creating solutions to global problems through constructive conversation. It is the practice of cultivating relationships with foreign governments, promoting international trade and security, building cultural understanding and managing conflicts between nations. It can be done at the highest level between heads of state, as with a summit or conference, or by lower-level staff in embassies around the world. Diplomacy has been around for thousands of years—treaty-making in Mesopotamia dates back to 2850 B.C.E.

Modern diplomacy takes many forms, from formal negotiation under international law (“track one”) to informal “back-channel” conversations between governments and non-state actors (“track two”). It includes governmental institutions, such as the International Court of Justice at The Hague, or less formal commissions, agencies, and tribunals, like the Hay-Herbert treaty that settled a border dispute between Canada and the United States in the 1940s. It also includes informal meetings such as the G7, and tracks devoted to specific issues, such as climate change.

A key ingredient of effective diplomacy is preparation, as demonstrated by Jimmy Carter in his Camp David negotiations with Menachem Begin, who had thoroughly read the CIA files on him. Another is courage—not the kind of risk-taking that might be found on the battlefield, but the willingness to break from established patterns, as Anwar Sadat and Henry Kissinger did in Northern Ireland. And finally, a healthy dose of pessimism: diplomats know that problems are going to beset even the best-designed agreements.

A business is an organized entity that sells goods and services to earn a profit. It can range from a sole proprietorship run by an individual to multinational corporations. It can also include non-profit organizations. Business owners are known as entrepreneurs, and they make critical decisions that impact the success of their companies. A business is a fundamental part of the economy and drives global development and innovation. Business news helps people understand trends and patterns, and stay up to date on current affairs that could impact businesses.

Business news covers information about various industries, markets, currencies, stocks and shares, as well as economic trends. It also provides data on recessions, inflation rates and geopolitical events that may cause financial turmoil. This news enables individuals to stay informed and make sound investment decisions that benefit their personal finances. It also ensures that businesses remain transparent and accountable to their investors.

The popularity of business news has led to an increase in demand for professionals with specialized knowledge in this area. If you are interested in pursuing a career in business news, earning a professional degree is the best way to start.

Whether you are looking to advance your current position or start a new career, the business world is an exciting place for professionals. To make the most of your career, it’s important to keep up with all the latest business news. This will help you stay relevant and competitive in the industry.

A trade war occurs when nations make it harder and more expensive to buy each other’s goods by adding extra taxes (called tariffs) or limiting how much can be imported. This is often done to protect local industries from foreign competition, but it can have serious consequences in a globalized economy. The conflicts can disrupt supply chains and raise costs for consumers.

The US-China dispute began in 2018 with President Trump imposing tariffs on steel and aluminum, accusing China of intellectual property theft. The move prompted Chinese tariffs on American goods and led to an escalation of threats. At one point, each nation threatened to impose tariffs on the other’s entire stockpile of goods.

As a result, the two countries’ economies have suffered. A 2024 study by economists Kyle Handley, Fariha Kamal, and Ryan Monarch estimates that retaliatory tariffs have reduced US GDP by 0.26 percent annually since the start of the conflict. The tariffs have also caused a drop in manufacturing employment and increased the cost of raw materials for companies that export to the US.

In an effort to avoid a recession, the US and China seem to be recalibrating their approach. Washington might agree to a baseline 10% tariff on industrial goods, with special carve-outs for certain products, such as aircraft, food, and spirits. Meanwhile, the EU is pushing for a lower rate of the blanket tariff and might even accept quotas on key goods like cars and chemicals.

A summit meeting is an event that brings together individuals with common interests and goals to foster new ideas, arguments, and understanding. It can be held in-person at a conference center or hotel, or virtually with the use of online platforms and tools.

Summits often focus on a particular issue and have the end goal of finding solutions for it. This is done by inviting leaders or people of great influence to talk about their points of view. Summit attendees are usually encouraged to ask questions and interact with the speakers.

In addition to the 34 member States of the Organization of American States, the Summit process has incorporated four principal multilateral organizations, including the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Pan American Health Organization, and the World Bank, that are responsible for carrying out certain aspects of the Summit mandates in accordance with the Summit decisions. Other international organizations, mainly from the United Nations family of agencies, also play important supporting roles in this area.

Summits can be hosted by government agencies, intergovernmental organizations, and even private businesses. In-person and virtual events can be held for a wide variety of topics. When planning a summit, the key is to focus on creating a meaningful experience for your attendees. This can be achieved by offering networking opportunities, hands-on workshops, and social activities. Attendees will be more likely to remember your event and spread the word if they leave feeling connected and inspired.

GDP measures the value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given year. The measure is sometimes used as a barometer of economic health, with low GDP growth often signaling slow or even negative economic growth.

Real GDP is adjusted to remove the effects of inflation over time, so that growth rates between different years can be compared. The measure is also commonly reported in terms of percentage change from the previous quarter or year, rather than absolute dollar values.

The most obvious limitation of GDP is that it fails to take into account certain phenomena impacting citizens’ well-being, such as environmental damage, depletion of nonrenewable resources or reduction in leisure time due to traffic jams (although traffic jams do increase GDP through higher consumption of gasoline). Other limitations include the fact that GDP rewards behaviors that are detrimental to the environment.

How Do You Calculate GDP?

The data that goes into calculating GDP is collected and published by a number of different organizations. In the United States, the Federal Reserve publishes GDP data for states, metropolitan areas and counties. BEA, a division of the U.S. Department of Commerce, also publishes a thorough analysis document with each GDP release that provides useful insight into trends and figures.

Other than the Fed, the most comprehensive source of GDP data is from a country’s statistical agency. The International Monetary Fund and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) also collect and publish GDP data.

A news flash is a brief piece of breaking news that interrupts regular programming on radio or television. It can cover local, national or international events and is a good way to keep your audience informed about current affairs. It can be hard or soft news and is usually presented in a straightforward manner. Unlike a news crawler or ticker that scrolls on the bottom of your screen, a newsflash is delivered live and requires your audience to tune in.

A good newsflash should begin with a compelling lead that accurately and enticingly conveys what the story is about. It should follow the inverted pyramid style of journalism – presenting the most important details first – and cite its sources. It should also end with a forward-looking element that shows how the story will affect people in the future.

Since a newsflash is short, it will naturally skate over some of the details – only major stories belong in this part of your broadcast. However, it is still a great opportunity to announce a story that will be developed at length during the midday or evening bulletin (promoting your newsroom’s work). Newsflashes are limited to 6 to 10 news items so you must be concise and bring the facts to your audience.

Interest rate is a measure of the cost of money owed on loans and the growth potential of savings accounts. Whether you’re shopping for loans or investing money, understanding how interest works can help you save more on debt and maximize the returns of your savings. Different factors affect how much you pay or earn in interest, such as compounding frequency and loan terms. Keeping tabs on the economy and personal factors like your creditworthiness can also change your rates.

The purpose of interest rates is to promote lending, spending and investment to maintain the economic system. Central banks modify these rates to accomplish macroeconomic goals, including price stability, full employment and sustained economic growth.

When you borrow, you owe the lender a portion of the main value of the funds borrowed. The lender charges interest to offset the opportunity cost (lost potential earnings if the lender invested the funds elsewhere) and the risk that you may not return the loan in full. This arrangement is a win-win for both parties: the lender receives interest payments to offset the risk, and the debtor pays a small fee to obtain funds quickly.

The amount you pay or earn in interest depends on your lender and the market. Banks typically use a formula to calculate their interest rates, which includes your creditworthiness, collateral and other factors. Your creditworthiness is largely determined by your FICO credit score, which lenders use to determine the likelihood that you’ll repay your debt. A market rate, such as the Wall Street Journal prime rate, also influences your loan rates.

In 2024, Americans took part in one of the most closely watched and controversial elections in recent history. The 2024 cycle also saw high voter turnout, reflecting a deep public interest in the issues that voters care about and a desire to shape their futures. The voting and ballot counting processes also went smoothly overall.

Election results are the final determination of who won a particular race, either at the local or national level. They are based on the unified ballot counting process that counts all ballots, including those cast in-person or absentee and those yet to be counted. This process includes examining the votes for each candidate to make sure the results accurately reflect the preferences, interests, and attitudes of the people who voted.

The official federal election results that voters see reported in media reports or released by state and territorial election officials are never completely finalized on election night. This is partly due to the “bandwagon” and “underdog” effects that are operative during the campaign, but it is also because the initial totals that are reported by media or election administration authorities do not include all ballots submitted by voters and have not been subjected to a formal canvassing process.

When the final certified election results do come in, some candidates may contest them or request a recount. Recounts involve a review of the count, typically by re-scanning or hand-counting ballots, to verify that the final certification is accurate. The timing of recounts varies by state, and the statutes that regulate them often set very short deadlines.